Roll grinding machine



Oct. 11, 1938. c. G. FLYGARE 2,132,941

ROLL GRINDING'MAGHINE Filed Dec. 24, v1955 4 sheets-sheet 1 CHRI. L ?.FLYGHRE @Mmmm Oct. 11, 1938. c. G. FLYGARE ROLL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1955 4 sheets-sheet 2 JMW" CHRI. E'. Fl YGHRE Ot. 11, 11938. c. c5.l FLYGARE ROLL GRINDING MACHINE' Filed Dec. 24, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 oct. 1l, 1938. Q G, FLYGARE 2,132,941

ROLL GRINDING MACHINE wel /67/07 gmc/MM nm. G. FLYGHRE mwmzmanw-W Patented Oct. 11, 1938 UNITED STATES nom. Gammo MACHINE Carl G. Flyxare. Worcester, Mall., nsignor to Norton Company,

Worcester, Mass., a corporation o! Massachusetts Application December u, 193s, serial ne. sur:

z claim. (ci. 514s) This invention relates to a grinding machine, and more particularly to a crowning attachment for a roll grinding machine to generate a predetermined crown onthe periphery of 'a roll.

One of the objects of this invention is to make a simple, thoroughly practical crowning attachment for a roll grinding machine. A further object of this invention is to provide a roll crowning attachment for a roll grinding machine in which the wheel slide is rocked toward and froml the axis of the roll. A further object is-to provide a roll crowning attachment in which the grinding wheel is rocked toward andl from the work axis in timed `:relation with the work table reciprocation to produce thedesired crown. An-

other object is to provide such a crowning attachment which canbe readily disconnected to permit truing of the" grinding wheel while the wheel remains stationary.

A further object' of this invention is to provide a roll forming attachment in which the grinding wheel slide is rocked toward and from the work axis during the relative longitudinal reciprocation therebetween, in which the crowning device may be readily disconnected to stop the rocking' of the grinding wheel and may be readily connected so that the rocking motion is picked up in identically the same position prior to stopping the motion for truing. K Another object of this invention is to provide a roll crowning attachment in which the grinding wheel is rocked toward and from the work axis by a mechanism actuated by the work table reciprocation, in which backlash is entirely eliminated between the driver and the cam for rocking the wheel slide. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

This invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts, as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one 'of various possible embodiments of the mechanical features of this invention,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a grinding ma-v chine embodying this invention;

Fig'. 2 is a cross sectional view through the 50 grinding machine, on an enlarged scale, taken approximately on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation, on an enlarged scale, having parts broken away to show the table traversing mechanism;

55 Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view, taken approximately on the line 4--4 lof Fig. 3, showing the table traversing mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross sectional view, on an enlarged scale, showing the backlash eliminating mechanism for eliminating the backlash 5 between the table rack .and the cross shaft;

Fig. 6 is va fragmentary sectional view, taken approximately on the line 6-8 of Fig. 2, on an enlarged scale, showing the backlash eliminating mechanism between the worm and worm gear for lo driving the crowning cam;

Fig. 'I is a vertical sectional view through the driving gear, on an enlarged scale, showing the means for eliminating the backlash in the gear train; 15

Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the backlash eliminating gear shown in Fig. 7; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view, on an v enlarged scale, taken approximately on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8. 20

A roll grinding machine has been illustrated in the drawings comprising a base III which supports a longitudinally reciprocable work table II on the usual flat way I2 and V-way I3. The

vlongitudinally reciprocable table II is provided 25 with a rotatable work support comprising a motor driven headstock I6 and a footstock I1 which serve to rotatably support a roll I5 to be ground. The roll I5 may be mounted on centers, as is common practice in the art, or ii the roll is very 3o massive in construction, it may be mounted in journal rests (not shown), as shown in the prior United States patent to Norton No. 1,096,188 dated May 12, 1914, to which reference may be had for the details of the support for the work. 35

A rotatable grinding wheel 2U is supported on a rotatable wheel spindle 2l which is in turn supported on a wheel slide 22. The wheel slide 22 is connected by a pair of aligned studs or trunnions 23 arranged on opposite sides of the wheel 40 slide, and which are supported on a transversely movable intermediate slide 24. The intermediate slide 24 is arranged to slide transversely on the base I0 on a pair of spaced slideways 25 (only one of which has been shown). The intermediate slide 24 is arranged to be moved transversely relative to the base Ill by means of a suitable wheel feeding mechanism. This mechanism may be of any well-known type, such as, for example, that shown in the prior United States Patent to Norton No. '162,838 dated June 14, 1994. This mechanism may comprise a half nut 28 depending from the transversely movable intermediate slide 24. 'I'he half nut 2l mates with a rotatable feed screw 29 which is journaled in bearings 55 (not shownl inthe base |0. 'I'he front end of the feed screw 29 is provided with a gear 30 which meshes with a gear 3| ymounted on the rear end of a rotatable shaft 32. 'Ihe shaft 32 is rotatably supported in the base I0 and is provided on its front end with a gear 33 meshing with a gear 34 mountw on a rotatable shaft 35, the outer end of which supports a manually operable hand feed wheel 36. By rotation of the hand wheel 36, a rotary motion may be transmitted to the gears above deseribed to rotate the cross feed screw 29 which serves to cause anl endwise movement of the half nut 26 to feed the intermediate slide 2e and the wheel slide 22 either toward or from the work piece I5 to grind the roll I5 tca predetermined size. I

In the grinding of cylindrical rolls for a rolling mill, it is frequently necessary te produce a roll which is not a true cylinder but which is vprovided with an outer surface which is formed either concave or convex to a deection curve or otherwise, according to the requirements of the lrolling mill. In the machine, as illustrated in the drawings. the form or crown on the roll I5 is produced by rocking the wheel slide 22 about its pivot 23 and relative to the transversely movable intermediate slide 24 as the roll I5 and grinding wheel 20 are reciprocated longitudinallyl relative to each other.

In the construction illustrated in the drawings, the work supporting table Ii is reciprocated longitudinally relative to the base I0 and the grinding wheel 20 to traverse the roll being ground past the operative face of the grinding wheel 20. The table is provided'with a depending rack bar 40 by which the table may be traversed by a manual or power traverse mechanism, .such as that shown in the prior United States patent to formed integral with bevel gears 54 Norton No. 762,838 dated June 14, 1904. This mechanism has not been shown in detail, since it is not considered part of the present invention; and reference may be had to the above-mentioned patent for details of disclosure.

A gear I4 meshes with the rack 40 and is mounted lon a rotatable shaft 42 which, may be rotated manually by means of a gear 43 mounted on the outer end of the shaft 42. The gear 43 meshes with a gear'44 rotatably mounted on a stud 45. A manually operable traverse wheel 46 is mounted on a hub of the gear 44 and connected thereby, by means c-f which the table may be traversed iongitudinally 0f the base I0 through the gear 44, the gear 43, the shaft 42 and the gear 4i meshing with the rack bar 40.

The table |I may be reciprocated longitudinally by a power operated mechanism, as shown in the pri-or patent above referred to. This mechanism may comprise a rotatable power driven shaft 50 which is driven by a multiple speed drive contained within the casing 5I, details of'which have not been shown in the present case since they are not considered part of the present invention. For details of this mechanism, reference may be had to the above-mentioned prior patent. 'I'he rotatable shaft 50 drives a clutch member 5| which is arranged to engage either the clutch member 52 or the clutch member 53 which are and 55 respectively. 'Ihe bevel gears 54 and 55 mesh with a large bevel gear 56 mounted on the front end of a rotatable shaft 51. 'I'he large bevel gear; 56 is rotated in either direction, depending'upon the engagement of the clutch member 5| with either the clutch member 52 or 53.

The clutch member 5| maybe shifted the vof the table which is actuated by reverse dogs 6| and 62 which are adjustably supported in a T-slot 63 on the front of the work table Il. The reverse leverV operates through a load and fire-mechanism 64 to control the movement of the clutch 5| to control the direction of reciprocatory movement of the table H. A

The shaft 51 carries a gear 10 which meshes with a gear 1| mounted on a shaft 12. The shaft 12 also carries a gear 13 which meshes with a gear 14 mounted on the shaft 42.

In order that the power reciprocation of the table I may be disconnected, a clutch member 15 is interposed between the gear 1| and the gear 15. When the clutch is in the position illustrated in Fig.` 4,'the power reciprecation of the table is disconnected. A yoked member 16 engages the clutch member E5 and is supported by a longitudinally movable shaft 11 which is actuated by a lever 1e on the front of the machine base. When the lever is rocked toward the machine base, the shaft 11 is moved toward the left, as viewed inl Fig. 4, to movethe clutch member '15 in the same direction to engage it with a clutch member 19 which is formed integral with the gear 13. When the clutch member 15 is moved into engagement with the clutch member 19, the'power rotation of the gear 1| is transmitted through the gear 13, the gear 14, the pinion 4|, to the rack 40 to reciprocate the table longitudinally relative to the base I0. For further details of disclosure as to the manualor power traverse of the table I I, reference may be had to the disclosure in the above-mentioned prior patent to Norton.

In order to produce a predetermined rocking motion of thewheel spindle 22 to rock the grinding wheel- 20 toward and from rthe axis of the roll I5, itis desirable to provide a mechanism to time the rocking motion of the wheel with the longitudinal relative reciprocation between the wheel 20 and the roll I5. This is preferably aceomplished by providing a gear which meshes `with the table driving rack 40 on the under side The gear 90 is mounted on a rotatable shaft 9| which is journaled in bearings in the base I0 of the machine. The rear end of the shaft 9| is provided with a gear 92 meshing with a gear 93 mounted on a rotatable shaft 94.

VThe shaft 94 also carries a gear 95 which meshes with a gear 96 mounted on 4a rotatable shaft. 91. The shaft 94 and the gears 93 and 95 carried thereby are supported on a swinging arm 98 which is supported to, rotate on the shaft 9|. This permits the gear 96 to be changed when desired and the gear 95 to be swung into proper mesh with the gear 96 and locked in mesh therewith by a clamping screw 99 which passes through the bracket 98 and is threaded into a portion of the base I0. The outer end of the shaft 91 is preferably formed as a splined shaft |00 which passes through a correspondingly in a casing I|5 which is rigidly fixed to the rocking wheel slide 22.

The gear casing |52 is provided with an upwardly projecting stop surface ||5 which is arranged to be engaged by an adjustable screw ||1 which is threaded into a bracket ||5 which is fastened to the rear end of the rocking wheel slide 22. If it is desired to hold the wheel slide against rocking motion, the screw |1 may be adjusted to raise the rear end of the wheel slide 22 so that the follower roller is raised from operative engagement with the cam` ||5, so that even though the cam ||5 is rotated by the longitudinal movement of the work table no rock-r ing motion will be transmitted to the wheel slide 22.

In orderthat the roll being formed may be accurately ground to a predetermined crown, it is essential that the grinding wheel 25 and its supporting slide 22 be rocked through an identical path when the table is reciprocated in either direction. Due to the backlash in the gear drive,

this is a diillcult problem since when the table` is reciprocated longitudinally in one direction, the backlash in the gear connection between the table rack and the cam for rocking the wheel slide will be taken up and the wheel will be moved through one path and when the table is reversed in its direction of movement by the shifting of the reverse lever 55, the change in direction of the movement of the rack serves to first take up the backlash in the gear drive between the rack 45 and the cam ||5 before the rocking movemerit of the wheel slide starts in the reverse direction, thus providing a variable which serves to cause the grinding wheel to rock in a different path on its stroke in opposite directions. In order to eliminate this difficulty, a series of backlash eliminators have been provided to take up the backlash between the worm |5| and the cam and to eliminate any backlash in the gear train 52, 53, 55, 55, thus eliminating lost motion so that when the table is movedin either direction, an identical rocking motion is transmitted to the grinding wheel 25 when the roll I5 and table are reciprocated in either direction.

En order to eliminate the backlash between the rack 45 and the gear 55, a suitable mechanism is provided. The gear is keyed by a key |25 to a sleeve |2| which is rotatably supported on a reduced portion |22 of the shaft 5|. The sleeve |2| is rotatably journaled in bearings |23 and |24 which are fixed to the base I5 so as to provide a xed rotary support for the sleeve |2|. The sleeve |2| is provided with a plurality of slots |25 at its left-hand end, as shown in Fig. 5, and the outer surface of this end of the sleeve is tapered to mate with an internal conical surface |25 within a rotatable sleeve |21 mounted on a further reduced end portion |25 of the shaft 5|. The sleeve |21 is slidably keyed to the shaft |25 by a key |29. The sleeve |21, when moved toward the right as viewed in Fig. 5, contracts the split end of the sleeve 2| and clamps it securely to the reduced portion |22 of the shaft 5|.

To readily adjust the sleeve |21, a nut |35 is rotatably mounted on a reduced portion v|3| of the shaft 5| and is held in place-thereon by means of thrust washer |32. Thrust washer |33 is interposed between the inner surface ofthe nut |35 and the shoulder on the reduced portion |3| of the shaft 5|. A pair of nuts |34 and |35 serve to lock the nut in adjusted position on the portion |3| of the shaft 5| so that it is free to rotate thereon but has no endwise movement relative thereto. The nut |35 is provided with a cupshaped extension |35 toward the right. as viewed in Fig. 5, which is provided with an internal thread |31 meshing with a threaded portion |35 on the sleeve |21. It will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure that when the nut |35 is rotated while the shaft' 5I is held stationary by applying a wrench to an end portion |45 thereof, rotation of the nut |35 serves through the threads |31 and |35 to cause an endwise movement of the sleeve |21 either to clamp or unclamp the sleeve |2| to the portion |22 of the shaft 5|.

In order to eliminate the backlash. a gear 45 is rotatably mounted on the sleeve |2| and is of the same size and having the same number of teeth as the gear 55. 'I'he gear 55 is provided with a plurality of projecting lugs |45 which are arranged to be engaged by a plurality of lugs |41 projecting from the gear |45, the contacting faces of the lugs |45 and '|41 being at an angle to the axis of rotation thereof and at an angle slightly greater than the angle of repose. The gear |45 is urged toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 5. by a plurality of springs |55 which extend in apertures |5| in the hub of the gear |45 and are interposed between the gear |45 and a collar |52 adjustably positioned on the sleeve |2|. The collar |52 may be adjusted longitudinally relative to the sleeve |2| by means of the threaded collars |53 and |54. By adjusting the collar |52 along the sleeve I2 I, the tension of the spring |55 may be varied so that the springs cause the surface |41 to slide on the surface |45 so that any lost motion between the gear 55 and the rack 45 is taken up by the rotation of the gear |45 due to 'the vangular thrust of the lugs |45 and |41. The collar |52 is provided with a pin 55 which fits loosely within an aperture or hole |51 in the hub of the gear |45, so that the gear |45 can rotate relative to the collar |52. By varying the tension of the springs |55, the opposed thrust of the two gears 55 and 45 may be varied so as to eliminate any lost motion and to exert the desired pressure of the gears |45 and 55 on the rack 45 so that the shaft 5| is rotated in unison with the rack when the rack moves in either direction to rotate the gear 55.

.A similar backlash eliminating device is provided between the worm wheel |53 and the cam |l5. As illustrated in Fig. 6, the worm gear |53 is formed in two halves. The part |53 is connected by a key |55 to the shaft |54. The half |5| of the worm gear |53 is rotatably mounted on the shaft |54 and is provided with an outwardly projecting lug |52 which engages a correspondingly shaped lug |53 which is formed as an integral part of the collar |54 which is slidably keyed to the shaft |54 by a key |55. The collar |54 is urged toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 6, by a plurality of springs |55 which are contained within apertures |51 in the collar |54 and which bear against an adjustable collar |55. The collar |55 may be adjusted longitudinally on the shaft |54 by the adjusting collars les and |10. A pin nl is ilxed to the collar |55 and slides within .an enlarged aperture or hole |12 within the collar |54 so that the collar |54 can rotate relative to the collar |55. By adjusting the position of the collar |55, the tension of the springs |55 may be adjusted, so that the lugs |52 and |53 cause the gear section |5| to be rotated relative to the worm gear part |53 which is keyed to the shaft so as to eliminate any backlash between the worm wheel |53 and the worm |5|.

A further backlash eliminating device is provided in the gear train 92, 93 to eliminate any backlash or wear betweenA said gears. As illustrated, the gear 92 is formed as a two-part gear. Gear 92 is keyed to the Vshaft 9| by a key |80. A second part of the gear 92 is formed as an annular ring |8| having teeth cut therein to mate with the teeth of the gear 9|. The ring gear |8| fits on a hub portion |82 oi' the gear 92 and may be locked thereto by clamping screws Ii83 and |84 which pass through elongated slots |85 and |86 in the gear ring |8| and are screw threaded into the gear 92.

In order to eliminate the backlash between the gears 92 and 93, it is necessary to adjust the ring gear 8| relative to the gear 92. To facilitate adjustment of the gear 8| relative to the gear 92,

' the gear ring |8| is provided with a pair of diametrically opposed conical surfaces |81 and |88 which are countersunk into the outer surface of the gear |8|. A pair ofscrews |89 and |90 pass through the conical apertures |81 and |88 and are screwthreaded into the gear 92. Each of the screws |89 and |90 is provided with a conical surface 9| which is shaped so that an element of its surface coincides with an element of the conical counterbored surface |81 or |88. To adjust the gear ring |8| relative to the gear 92, the screws |83 and |84 are loosened and then by slacking off on the screw |90 and tightening the screw 89, the ring gear 8| may be moved in a counterclockwise direction relative to the gear 92 to eliminate the backlash between the gears. When the required adjustment has been made, the ring gear 8| and the gear 92 are clamped together by tightening the screws |83 and |84.

The tumbler gear 95 may be adjusted to mesh to a greater or lesser extent with the gear 96 by swinging the bracket 98 so that the backlash be tween these two gears may be eliminated.

It will thus be seen that a driving mechanism has been provided which Iserves to rock the grinding wheel 20 through a predetermined path. when the table is reciprocated longitudinally and moves in either direction to produce a predetermined concave or convex crown upon the roll being ground, depending upon the nature of the cam I0 which ismounted on the machine.

It may be desirable during the truing operation to disconnect the crowning attachment so that the wheel 20 may be trued while it remains stationary, that is with the rocking movement thereof stopped. This is preferably accomplished by unlocking the sleeve I2| from the shaft 9|. It is desirable that the crowning attachment be disconnectedv in such a way that after a wheel truing operation, the crowning attachment may be picked up when the table is in a predetermined I position so that the grinding operation on the roll being ground may be continued and the desired crown produced after the truing operation has been completed. In the preferred construction,

an index finger 200 is fixed to the table and is arranged to be aligned with a fixed point 20| projecting from the base |0. An indexing finger 202 similarly projects from the base |0 and is arranged to serve as an'index for a graduated scale 203 arranged on the periphery of the sleeve |21. To disconnect the crowning attachment for truing so that the crowning movement of the wheel may be picked up at the same point after truing, the table is traversed until the index finger 200 is aligned with the fixed point 20| on the base |0. The reading of the scale 203 opposite the nger 202 is then noted and the sleeve |21 then withdrawn to disconnect the sleeve I 2| to stop the rocking movement of the grinding wheel during the truing operation. After the grinding wheel 20 has been trued to the required extent, the table is again moved so that the index finger 200 is aligned with the xed index point 20| on the base |0 and a wrenchis applied to the projection |40 of the shaft 9| to rotate the shaft 9| and the sleeve |21 until the predetermined graduation on the scale 203 coincides with the index iinger 202 at which point the sleeve |30 is rotated to move the sleeve |21 toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 5, to clamp sleeve |2| to the shaft 9| and thereby start the crowning movement of the grinding wheel in identically the same position as prior to the truing operation.

The operation of this machine will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure. The table dogs 6| and 62 are adjusted to the desired position to permit a reciprocation of the roll 50 to. pass the face to be ground across the periphery of the grinding wheel 20. The change gear mechanism on the rear of the machine is then adjusted to the proper gear ratio for producing a crown of the predetermined extent.' A roll to be ground is then placed either on centers on the machine or,'as above stated, on journairests (not shown). The roll is then rotated and the reciprocation of the table started and the grinding wheel 20 is fed into grinding relation with the roll 5 by manipulation of the manually operable feed wheel 36. The grinding operation may then be continued until the roll has been ground to a predetermined crown and finished.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided by this invention apparatus in which the various objects hereinabove set forth together with many thoroughly practical advantages are successfully achieved. As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:-

1. A roll grinding machine comprising a base, a longitudinally movable Work supporting table thereon, a rotatable work support on lsaid table, means including a rack to reciprocate said table longitudinally, a transversely movable slide, a rotatable grinding wheel, a support for said wheel, pivotal connections between said support and slide, a rotatable cam, a shaft supporting said cam which is rotatably mounted on said slide, a follower roller rotatably mounted on the wheel support and arranged to engage said cam, a worm and worm gear supported on said slide and arranged to rotate said cam, means to eliminate the backlash between the worm and worm gear, a. rotatable shaft in the base, gear connections between the table rack and said shaft whereby the shaft is rotated when the table is reciprocated, a backlash eliminator associated with said gearing, change gears connecting the other end of said shaft and said worm, and means to eliminate backlashin said change gears so that the rocking movement of the wheel slide is accurately synchronized with the table reciprocation so as to produce a predetermined crown' on the roll being ground.

2. A roll grinding machine comprising a base, a longitudinally movable work supporting table thereon, a rotatable work support on said table, means including a rack to reciprocate said table longitudinally, a transversely movable slide, a rotable reciprocaton so as to rock the wheel support and produce a predetermined crown on the roll being ground, means to disconnect said driving connections to stop the rocking motion of the wheel, and means including a. graduated scale and index to connect said driving connections so that the wheel is rocked in the same predetermined path after truing of the grinding wheel.

CARL G. FLYGARE. 

